About one-third of U.S. adults don’t get enough sleep. Folks — like Tesla CEO Elon Musk — who claim that work schedules interfere with their sleep patterns also acknowledge the toll it takes on their health and personal life.

Musk, who claims to work 120 hours per week, told The New York Times that the “past year has been the most difficult and painful year of my career. It has been excruciating.”

Musk admitted that his long work hours affected his physical health. “I’ve had friends who came by who are really concerned.”

Sleep expert and neuroscientist Matthew Walker succinctly sums up the danger of poor sleep in Business Insider:

“The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life.”

He says that the vast majority of adults need seven to nine hours of sleep, and kids need even more.

Here are 10 consequences of sleep deprivation:

1. Sleep deprivation is linked to higher risk of certain forms of cancer — notably colon and breast cancer.
2. Your skin ages more quickly when you don’t get enough sleep according to the University of Wisconsin. Studies show that when the skin is damaged from the sun or other factors, it doesn’t heal as well in poor sleepers.
3. Lack of sleep causes weight gain. People who don’t’ get enough sleep are more likely to binge on high calorie foods and have difficulty controlling their impulses, say experts.
4. Poor sleep is linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Several studies have shown that the brain cleans house during sleep, getting rid of the beta-amyloid protein that builds up during the day. That protein has been associated with the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. People with disrupted sleep patterns tend to have more beta-amyloid buildup.
5. The risk of cardiovascular disease rises with sleep deprivation. Blood pressure, heart rate and concentration of C-reactive protein rise when people do not have sufficient sleep.
6. Your immune system is affected by lack of sleep. Studies show that even one sleepless night can lower your body’s natural defenses.
7. Colds are more frequent for those who do not get enough sleep. In fact, sleep-deprived people are three times as likely as well-rested people to catch a cold, according to studies.
8. Your sex life suffers when you aren’t rested. Sleeping increases testosterone levels, an important component of sex drive for both men and women, and is lowered when you are awake. Therefore, sleep deprivation and disturbed sleep are associated with reduce libido, and sexual dysfunction.
9. According to studies, insomniacs are twice as likely to develop depression and research suggests that treating sleep problems may help treat depressive symptoms. A poor night’s sleep can also cause irritability, bad moods and poor marital relations according to studies.
10. The risk of type 2 diabetes rises when people don’t get enough sleep because it raises insulin resistance, often called prediabetes, that can lead to type 2 diabetes. A number of studies in adults have found a strong association between regular sleep loss and the risk of developing diabetes.