Question: What causes anemia and how is it treated?
Dr. Hibberd's answer:
Anemia refers to a deficiency of red blood cells, and is reflected in our hemoglobin (the iron-containing protein found inside our red blood cells). A normal hemoglobin is 12-15 grams per deciLiter (g/dL) for women, and 14-18 g/dL for men. Hemoglobin is responsible for the oxygen-carrying capacity and delivery of oxygenated blood to our body's tissues and organs.
There are numerous causes of anemia, but it is usually tied to illness; vitamin B12, folate, or iron deficiency; bone marrow disease; leukemia, lymphoma or cancer; or bone marrow suppression from medication. It can also result from disorders that cause the destruction or shortened lifespan of red blood cells (such as hemolysis, genetic conditions, splenic disorders), or an increased blood loss injury or excessive bleeding (such a heavy or more frequent menstrual periods).
Sometimes anemia may be from just one or sometimes from all of these categories. That is why you should see your doctor for blood test, if you are tired or feel weak and think you might be anemic.
Most women have mild iron deficiency anemia from menstruation, especially if their diet is not supplying sufficient iron, and treatment is simple with an iron supplement to be taken daily. But you should see your physician for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. This will save much frustration and be safer for you.
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