The U.N. Security Council will vote Friday on a draft resolution brought by Bahrain to authorize the use of "defensive" force to protect shipping in the Strait of Hormuz from Iranian attacks.
Iran has placed a stranglehold on the key shipping lane — threatening fuel supplies and roiling the global economy — in retaliation for U.S.-Israeli strikes that triggered the month-old Middle East war.
"We cannot accept economic terrorism affecting our region and the world. The whole world is being affected by the developments," Bahrain's U.N. Ambassador Jamal Alrowaiei said this week.
He said the text, which has gone through several amendments and is supported by the U.S., "comes at a critical juncture."
President Donald Trump on Wednesday called for countries struggling with fuel shortages to "go get your own oil" in the Strait of Hormuz, adding that U.S. forces would not help them.
A sixth and final draft, seen by AFP, greenlights member states — unilaterally or as "voluntary multinational naval partnerships" — to use "all defensive means necessary and commensurate with the circumstances."
It applies to the strait and adjacent waters to "secure transit passage and to deter attempts to close, obstruct, or otherwise interfere with international navigation through the Strait of Hormuz."
The measure would last for at least six months.
The draft resolution has been molded in a bid to rally several countries that have appeared skeptical, including Russia, China, and France.
Revised wording no longer explicitly invokes Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter, which allows the Security Council to authorize armed force to restore peace.
The latest version, to be voted on at 11 a.m. Friday, also emphasizes the defensive nature of any intervention — a stipulation that seems to have alleviated French concerns.
'Tall Odds'
Jerome Bonnafont, France's U.N. ambassador, said Thursday that "it is up to the council to quickly devise the necessary defensive response" after members voted in March to condemn Iran's blocking of the Strait of Hormuz.
President Emmanuel Macron earlier said a military operation to free the waterway is "unrealistic."
It is not certain that Russia and China — who both wield veto powers — will back the draft resolution.
"Authorizing member states to use force would amount to legitimizing the unlawful and indiscriminate use of force, which would inevitably lead to further escalation of the situation and lead to serious consequences," said Chinese Ambassador Fu Cong.
Russia, a longtime ally of Tehran, has denounced what it calls one-sided measures.
Considering the possible Russian and Chinese vetoes, the text "faces tall odds to make it through the Security Council," Daniel Forti, an analyst at International Crisis Group, told AFP.
"It is hard to see them supporting a resolution that treats stability in the strait exclusively as a security issue, instead of one that also grapples with the need for a durable political end to the hostilities," he said.
Normally, a fifth of the world's oil and liquefied natural gas passes through the Strait of Hormuz.
Its near-total closure is affecting global supplies of important commodities, including oil, liquefied natural gas, and fertilizer and leading to sharp rises in energy prices.
Security Council mandates authorizing member states to use force are relatively rare.
During the Gulf War, a 1990 vote allowed a U.S.-led coalition to intervene in Iraq after the invasion of Kuwait.
And in 2011, a similar vote permitted NATO's intervention in Libya and the eventual fall of dictator Muammar Gaddafi.