Hyperthyroidism is caused by an overactive thyroid gland that produces too much thyroid hormone. Recognizing the symptoms of hyperthyroidism is important for achieving the appropriate treatment plan for you.
The thyroid gland is an important part of the endocrine system. This small organ in the neck produces important hormones that control the body’s metabolism, or the way the body uses energy from food. Hyperthyroidism causes an abnormally fast metabolism.
According to Family Doctor, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disease called Graves’ disease. Other causes include hyperfunctioning nodules on the thyroid gland, and thyroiditis or a viral infection of the thyroid.
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Many of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism can be overlooked at early stages of the disease, particularly for older patients. Symptoms become more severe as hyperthyroidism progresses.
According to the University of California San Francisco, common symptoms are:
• Tremors
• Irritability
• Feeling hot when others do not and sweating
• Heart palpitations or elevated heart rate
• Weight loss despite a good appetite
• Frequent bowel movements
• Lump in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid
• Redness on the front of the legs, if hyperthyroidism is caused by Graves’ disease
• Mental and sleep disturbances
• Thin skin and irregular growth of hair and nails
• Vision changes or eye irritation
• Decreased menstrual flow
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Hyperthyroidism can be difficult to diagnose because the symptoms can be vague and they often mimic those of other diseases such as adrenal gland tumors or common anxiety,
says WebMD. If you notice these symptoms, it is important to seek the advice of your physician because, if left untreated, hyperthyroidism can progress in severity and affect your daily life.
There are a number of blood tests that can confirm hyperthyroidism. The disease can also be diagnosed using a thyroid ultrasound to check for the presence of nodules, a radioactive iodine uptake test, or a scan that checks the location of iodine in the thyroid gland.
Treatment options depend on the patient’s age, severity of symptoms, and other health issues. The treatment can range from prescription medications to surgery to remove part of the thyroid gland. Long-term success depends on an ongoing relationship with a qualified endocrinologist.
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