The worst is yet to come. At least that’s the opinion of the top two gold forecasters who say bullion will suffer further losses in 2017 as interest rates climb and the dollar strengthens.

Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp. and ABN Amro Group NV see gold sliding to $1,100 an ounce by the end of next year as the Federal Reserve tightens monetary policy, real Treasury yields increase and the U.S. currency rises. Prices were at $1,185.77 Wednesday. The banks were ranked first and second as forecasters in the third quarter, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

After briefly soaring to $1,337.38 as it became clear that Donald Trump was about to pull off a shock victory in the U.S. presidential election, gold slumped to a nine-month low of $1,171.18 last week on speculation that his pledges to increase spending and revitalize the economy would boost interest rates and augment the attraction of other investments such as stocks and bonds.

“From an investor point of view there is little reason to hold gold,” said Georgette Boele, a currency and commodity strategist at ABN Amro. “Rising inflation expectations are more than countered by the rise in U.S. Treasury yields and expectations about upcoming rate hikes by the Fed. As long as real yields rise and there are no major inflation fears, prices will go lower.”

Global bond yields have climbed to 1.58 percent from a record low 1.07 percent in July, according to the Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Index. The odds of the Federal Reserve hiking in December are 100 percent, up from 69 percent a month ago, before the election, and a gauge of the dollar against its major peers surged to the highest level since at least 2005 last week.

Gold is set for its worst month in more than three years, with investors dumping bullion at the fastest pace since 2013. Assets in bullion-backed exchange-traded funds have shrunk 5.3 percent in November, the biggest monthly drop since June of that year. Billionaire Stan Druckenmiller sold all his gold on election night. “All the reasons I owned it for the last couple of years seem to be ending,” he said in a CNBC interview shortly after the vote.

In the month through Monday, investors pulled $4.4 billion from exchange-traded funds backed by precious metals, the biggest redemption among all asset classes offered in such funds globally that are tracked by Bloomberg. Money is moving out of gold and other precious metals as U.S. equities rally to a record and traders boost bets on further rate increases.

Boele from ABN Amro sees the negative environment for gold continuing into next year, with a recovery for prices expected in 2018. The bank cut its prediction for the end of 2017 from $1,150. Before the U.S. election, Boele was already bearish, lowering her outlook in October.

Barnabas Gan, an economist at OCBC in Singapore, was predicting $1,100 by the end of next year before the U.S. election. He kept to that view in a note on Monday and cut his call for the end of this year to $1,200 from $1,300. He’s factoring in three rates hikes -- one in December and two in 2017 -- which will drag bullion down to his target by the end of next year.

“Political uncertainties continue to persist,” Gan said. “Note the upcoming Italian referendum as well as next year’s French election. Contrast this with the relative certainty over U.S. economic growth under President-elect Trump’s proposed fiscal plans which gives rise to reflationary and higher U.S. rates expectations into 2017.”

Risk Appetite

While Gan and Boele already saw lower prices for next year before the U.S. election, a Trump win was interpreted as bullish in a Bloomberg survey of more than 20 traders and analysts published before the vote. A victory for the Republican was seen pushing Comex gold futures to $1,395 within a week. Instead, the reverse happened.

Not everyone is bearish going into 2017. Bullion may average $1,300 next year, says Robin Bhar, head of metals research at Societe Generale SA in London, the third-best gold forecaster in the data compiled by Bloomberg.

“All in all, gold prices are at the mercy of risk appetite. Buying on dips is likely to provide support given a view that gold is a good portfolio diversifier, hedge, insurance policy,” Bhar said in an e-mail last week. At the same time, he acknowledged the downside risks because changes in fiscal policy could push real interest rates higher, offsetting haven demand.