Thyroid medication is often prescribed as replacement or supplemental therapy for patients with hypothyroidism, an underactive thyroid. The disorder causes the thyroid gland to produce too little thyroid hormone, affecting the body's metabolism.
Novothyrox was once prescribed for both congenital and acquired hypothyroidism. The brand itself is now discontinued, but its generic version, levothyroxine sodium, is available in other brands.
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A doctor might prescribe other brands of levothyroxine, such as Synthroid, Levothroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, or Tirosint to treat hypothyroidism.
An underactive thyroid can disrupt the balance of chemical reactions throughout the body,
the Mayo Clinic explains. Left untreated, hypothyroidism may result in such health issues as joint pain, obesity, infertility and heart disease. Treatment, which includes medication, helps return thyroid function to normal.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism often appear slowly. They could start with fatigue or weight gain, which some people might attribute to other causes. Over time, more symptoms may arise as the body's metabolism continues to slow down. These symptoms may include increased sensitivity to cold, dry skin, puffy face, constipation, hoarseness, muscle weakness and aches, joint pain or stiffness, depression, slowed heart rate, impaired memory, irregular menstrual periods, and thinning hair, the Mayo Clinic says.
Levothyroxine sodium is a synthetic thyroid medication. It mimics the thyroid hormone to replace levels that have been lost because of an underactive thyroid. The drug is also prescribed to treat conditions that may occur with
hypothyroidism, according to RxList.com.
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These conditions include goiters that enlarge the gland at the front of the neck, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which often leads to hypothyroidism. Adverse reactions are not common and are sometimes caused by an overdose of thyroid medication. This may produce symptoms of an overactive thyroid.
Possible side effects include:
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Sweating
• Flushing
• Weakness
• Anxiety
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Irregular menstrual periods
• Seizures in rare cases
Inadequate doses of the thyroid medication could fail to improve the condition.
It is important for patients to consult regularly with a doctor about the proper dosage of thyroid medication and any side effects that may occur.
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